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Monday, February 22, 2010

CARDIOVASCULAR DRUGS HERE

Okay lets start with drugs used in cardiovascular disorders, shall we =D

Beta-blockers-MOA:

What they do is that they inhibit the beta-1 receptors in the heart,therefore slows down the activity of the heart and reducing the pump rate and dilates/relaxes the blood vessels,causing vasodilation,thus more blood can pass through as the diameter is widen,also lowering blood pressure and reducing myocardial damage imposed on the heart as the heart pumps alower and with ease due to slowed activity and widen vessels.

Four types of beta-blockers:

Propranol, Labetalol, Carvedilol, Atenolol-Anything with -lol are beta blockers.

Indications:

Beta blockers are normally given due to hypertension,heart failure,angina and Post-MI activity.In the case of severe asthma,it is not recommend to be given as it may slow down breathing rate,or any bronchospasm/heartblock in the patient(may worsen those conditions)

SIDE EFFECTS =D :

Beta blockers may result in Dizziness,fatigue,impotency(a very bad side effect for guys) ,cold hands and feet, bradycardia(too slow heart activity) and edema
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ACE inhibitor:

Works by inhibiting ACE(the angiotensin converting enzyme i think),therfore will prevent the conversion of angiotensin I to II.This inhibition will cause a prevention of potential vasoconstriction as conversion of angeotensin I to II is inhibited(yes,angiotensin II is responsible for vasoconstriction here ).As angiotensin conversion is inhibited,will also reduce the aldosterone/water reabsorption too(which lowers cardiac output)

Four types of ACE inhitibtor:

Enalapril,Captopril,Perindopril,Lisinopril-anything ends with -pril

Indication:

Given to the whose with hypertension,heart failure,and post MI(but not those with ANGINA =.=) AND PLEASE DUN GIV THEM TO PREGNANT LADIES.i duno why.

Side effects:

hyperkalemia is possible,low BP/dizzy/headache/drowsiness/coughings(maybe signs of ageing?),weird and unexplained taste in mouth like u haven eaten for days and u started to stink lol,red rashes on the skin
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Angiotensin receptor blocker:

They actually block the receptors for the angiotensin II on the small arteries or artetioles so that erm angiotentin cannot bind and cause any potential vasoconstriction(lowers PR,er but i duno wads pr here lol)

Four types of ARB again:

Losartan,Valsartan,Canedesartan,nvm three enuf-anything with -sartan

Indication:

er Hypertension and heart failure onli =.= can be use in place of ACE inhibitor also

Side effects:same as ACE
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Loop & thiazide diuretics:

wad they do is that they reduce Na reabsorption in kidney, causing diuresis

2 of each:

Frusemide,Bumetanide
Hydrochlorthiazide,Indapamide

Indication:

hypertension and heart failure onli,in actual practise loop more effective than thiazide

i rest awhile LOL

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